Archive for September, 2009

Trying to Like Marigolds

Posted in The Garden on September 30, 2009 by distantgardens

In general, I’m not a big fan of annuals although I have, on occasion, come to the defense of pansies and geraniums. I prefer perennials, in part, because I don’t relish the thought of having to replant the garden each spring. But mostly I prefer working with them because I love the way they change, as their root systems develop, and come back more lush and full every year.

So Marigolds (Tagetes Patula and Tagetes Erecta) have two things against them: they’re annuals and, well, they’re Marigolds.

From a purely information perspective, Marigolds are one of approximately 52 species of flowering plants in the daisy, sunflower, aster family (Asteraceae or Compositae). Although the two most popular groups of Marigolds in the United States are called French Marigolds (Tagetes Patula) and African Marigolds (Tagetes Erecta), in fact the species is native to the southwestern U.S., Mexico and South America. And marigolds have a long, pre-hispanic, history of medicinal use in Mexico.

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French Marigold (Tagetes Patula)

French Marigold (Tagetes Patula)

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Marigolds have a pungent smell and there is evidence that they repel certain kinds of insects. As such they’re often planted as “companions” along the borders of vegetable gardens to serve as natural pest repellents.  Both French and African Marigolds range in color from yellow, to orange to dark red in either solid or multiple color variations.

As members of the Asteraceae or Compositae families, each Marigold flower is actually a composite of many smaller flowers of different shapes and sizes on a single stem. This common characteristic of the Compositae family is called pseudanthium and is a type of inflorescence.

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French Marigold (Tagetes )

French Marigold (Tagetes Patula )

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So what is it about Marigolds that I don’t like. There’s not one specific thing, really. Maybe it’s their smell, or maybe it’s that their presence signals the end of the summer, or maybe it’s their color. It’s just sort of everything about them!

But one of the things I’ve learned as I’ve been photographing gardens for this blog, is that when I start to get close and really look at the details of any flower, or grass, or shrub, or tree – and I forget about the state of the garden they’re in, or  the container, or whatever is around them. Then I begin to see that flower, or that tree, with a different perspective.

And from that perspective it’s hard to be anything but amazed of their exquisite details – their colors, the way they’re put together, the way every part of them has a purpose, the intricate and exacting design of each of them. And I always come away with an abiding appreciation for their perfection.

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African Marigold (Tagetes Erectus)

African Marigold (Tagetes Erecta)

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So I have a feeling that will eventually happen with Marigolds, as well. It just might take a little while and a few more (hundred) (… kidding!) photographs. And I’ll try to hold the Buddha’s advice in mind, “When you realize how perfect everything is, you will tilt your head back and laugh at the sky.”


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Harvard’s Yard is Green

Posted in Organic Landscaping, The Garden with tags , , , , on September 29, 2009 by distantgardens

From Anne Raver in the New York Times last week, an article about the amazing success Harvard University has had towards shifting all of its 80 acres to organic landscaping practices. Harvard started the transition in the spring of 2008 by developing and working with an organic compost and “compost tea” system on a 1- acre test plot. The results were so convincing that 25 acres are now completely under organic care and the remaining acreage will follow over the next 2 years.

The pilot project showed that using organic nutrients allowed the growth of “not only beneficial bacteria and fungi, but also of the micro-organisms that feed on them, recycling nitrogen back into the soil.” The presence of micro-organisms helps to create a healthy soil base allowing fungi, earthworms, insects, and plant roots to move freely.

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Harvard's Compost Tea

Harvard's Compost Tea

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That movement creates a naturally non-compacted, aerated environment where plant roots can grow more deeply, nutrients are better absorbed and water retention is higher. The result is healthier plants, trees, shrubs and grasses and a diminished need for irrigation. (Harvard estimates that its irrigation use has been reduced by 30% which translates into approximately 2 million gallons of water per year.)

To help spread the know-how for other colleges and universities as well as homeowners, the team behind the project at Harvard, including Eric T. Fleisher, the director of horticulture at the Battery Park City Parks Conservancy, landscape architect Michael Van Valkenburgh, and Wayne Carbone, manager of landscape services at Harvard, has created a tutorial on its Web site.

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Harvard's Organic Landscaping Tutorial

Harvard's Organic Landscaping Tutorial

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You’ll find “simple directions for building a compost pile hot enough to eat weed seeds, building a compost tea brewer, and brewing teas particularly suited for grass, perennials or woody plants.”

At a time when there’s so much debate about the state of our environment and confusion about how we, as individuals, can make manageable changes that are good for us and our communities, this is a great case study. The information on the Harvard Web site is straightforward and inexpensive to implement. The biggest thing required is a change in our own mind-sets and a commitment to follow through. The rest is easy!

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Sources and Resources:

The New York Times

Harvard University

Harvard University Soils Restoration Project

University of Massachusetts Soil Testing

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Perfect Days

Posted in The Garden with tags , , , , , on September 28, 2009 by distantgardens

The hill towns, higher elevations and some of the northern areas of Western Massachusetts have had their first frost, but here in the lower Connecticut River Valley almost everything is still green. And while the flowers aren’t as abundant, there are many still blossoming and the trees are just beginning to turn.

The chilly, frost threatened, temperatures of last week became warm and humid over the weekend and we had a welcome warm rain that lasted an entire day – the first rain of the Fall.

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Fallen Maple Leaf

Maple Leaf and Rain Drops

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The first days of any new season are not so different than those of the preceding one, Nature doesn’t care how we delineate  the beginning and ending of a season. Those are our rules, and our names, with some astrological “where is the Sun positioned” mathematical equations thrown behind them to sound “official.”

Instead, everything in Nature is a subtle, ongoing process of infinite motion where even the word “change” makes no sense – how can something change if there was never a point at which it stopped and “became” anything? We create those measurements and those points in time in an attempt to comprehend the extraordinarily complex universe we are part of.

And so, if not for the red, orange, and yellow leaves scattered on the ground yesterday, you could have almost convinced yourself that it was a Summer rain. At a quick glance, the trees on our street are still green, but of course the almost imperceptible color shifts are happening – leaf by falling red leaf.

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Maple Leaves

Maple Leaves

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So while the leaves begin to mark the transition into “Fall,” plants like the Blue Salvia will still be in blossom, without concern for what the season might be, until the cooling temperatures send them into dormancy.

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Salvia

Blue Salvia (Blue Salvia Farinacea)

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And Hadley’s vast fields of its famous asparagus will also stay green for a while longer, gathering moisture and sunlight so as to be able to produce the next crop of tender asparagus shoots.

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Asparagus with Rain

Asparagus in the Fall Rain

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And the season will unfold, as it always does, in an infinitely complex and connected progression of moments that make up life as we know it. And with all that, how could these days be anything but perfect?

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Sunday Meditation: Everything is Everything

Posted in Sundays, The Garden with tags , , , on September 27, 2009 by distantgardens

“Siddhartha  bent down, lifted a stone from the ground and held it in his hand. ‘This,’ he said, handling it, ‘is a stone, and within a certain length of time it will perhaps be soil and from the soil it will become plant, animal or man. Previously I would have said: This stone is just a stone; it has no value, it belongs to the world of Maya, but perhaps because within the cycle of change it can also become man and spirit, it is also of importance. This is what I would have thought.”

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Squash Blossom with Sunlight

Squash Blossom with Sunlight

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“But now I think: This stone is a stone; it is also animal, God and Buddha. I do not respect and love it because it was one thing and will become something else, but because it has already long been everything and always is everything. I love it just because it is a stone, because today and now it appears to me as a stone.”
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Herman Hesse
in Siddhartha
First publication 1922
Copyright 1951 New Directions Publishing

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Purpletop Vervain

Posted in Butterflies & Moths, The Garden with tags , , , on September 26, 2009 by distantgardens

Purpletop Vervain (Verbena Bonariensis) is a member of the Verbena (Verbenaceae) family which can be cultivated as either an annual or a perennial depending on the zone where its planted. Tall and airy in appearance (it can grow to 4ft tall and spread to 3 feet wide) its stalks, like most members of the Verbenaceae family, are topped with tight bunches of tiny lavender flowers that produce a lovely, aromatic smell.

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Purpletop Vervain

Purpletop Vervain (Verbena Bonariensis)

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Purpletop Vervain is easy to care for and does well in full sun to part shade and needs little water. This makes it great for drought-prone areas or for gardeners whose gardening philosophy is based on benign neglect! It works beautifully in either a small contained area or as a mass planting.

Like Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and other flowers that easily self-propagate, Purpletop Vervain is considered a weed in some regions. and the USDA includes it in its invasive species database. At the same time, like Black/Brown Eyed Susans (Rudbekia), you can purchase it at nurseries and garden centers where it is a favorite among gardeners.  If you keep its prowess at self replicating in mind, however, Purpletop Vervain is a wonderful and unique plant that will add clouds of tall airy purple flowers to your garden from June through the first Fall frost.

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Meadow of Purpletop Vervain

Meadow of Purpletop Vervain

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Probably the most popular aspect of Purpletop Vervain is that it’s a huge favorite of butterflies, humming birds and pollinating bees.  And, with its long flowering season, it provides both a consistent source of pollen for threatened populations of honey bees and bumble bees and a favorite meal for colorful butterflies and elusive humming birds.

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Monarch Butterfly in a field of Purpletop Vervain

Monarch Butterfly in a field of Purpletop Vervain


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